7.3. Other Comparison Operators

1、太复杂了，记不住的，有没有什么规则呀？

The == comparison operator behaves differently within a double-brackets         test than within single brackets.

1 [[ $a == z* ]]    # True if $a starts with an "z" (pattern matchin            2 [[ $a == "z*" ]]  # True if $a is equal to z* (literal matching).             3             4 [ $a == z* ]      # File globbing and word splitting take place.             5 [ "$a" == "z*" ]  # True if $a is equal to z* (literal matching).             6             7 # Thanks, St?phane Chazelas

2、测试数值用[ "$a" -ne "$b" ]，测试字符串用[ "$a" != "$b" ]。

3、Example 7-6. Testing whether a string is null通过几个例子反复说：测试字符串一定要用双引号把字符串变量括起来!从前面看，测试数值变量同样是把变量用双引号括起来的，这样，可以总结说，无论是数值变量和字符串变量都必须加双引号。

4、Example 7-7. zmore中测试文件类型的语句，不懂

if [ ${filename##*.} != "gz" ] # Using bracket in variable substitution. then   echo "File $1 is not a gzipped file!"   exit $NOTGZIP fi

5、复合比较：

1）、[[ condition1 && condition2 ]]相当于 [ "$exp1" -a "$exp2" ]

2）、在比较空字符串时，应该在有可能是空字符串的字符串前加上额外的字符，文中说：

As S.C. points out, in a compound test, even quoting the string variable      might not suffice. [ -n "$string" -o "$a" = "$b" ] may cause an error with      some versions of Bash if $string is empty. The safe way is to append an      extra character to possibly empty variables, [ "x$string" != x -o "x$a" =      "x$b" ] (the "x's" cancel out).

英语疑问：

1、globbing

File globbing and word splitting take place.

2、Caution advised, however.

  10 #  Bash permits integer operations and comparisons on variables

  11 #+ whose value consists of all-integer characters.

  12 #  Caution advised, however.

3、sealing wax, cabbages and kings

   2 #  str-test.sh: Testing null strings and unquoted strings,

   3 #+ but not strings and sealing wax, not to mention cabbages and kings . . .

4、compound comparison

5、suffice:

As S.C. points out, in a compound test, even quoting the string variable

     might not suffice.

6、the "x's" cancel out（上面5的2））